Waves of ATP mediate morphogenetic information sharing and teratogen resistance among groups of embryos.

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• Sharing of stress between cells facilitates morphogenesis and increases robustness of morphogenetic outcomes.hypothesis0.800
  Prior hypothesis tested in the paper; from Levin 2022.
• Suppression of cancer phenotypes despite strong oncogenic mutations via forced bioelectrical connections among cells, overriding single-cell goals with morphogenetic ones.finding0.776
  Empirical demonstration that bioelectric network topology, not genetic state, determines whether cellular optimization occurs at single-cell (cancer) vs. organ level.
• By sharing stress with neighbors, one cell’s (or region’s) problem becomes everyone’s problem, leading to a higher willingness to adopt new configurations in which everyone’s free energy is lower (and thus, more optimal morphogenetic problem-solving).quote0.774
  Encapsulates the core idea of stress sharing as collective cooperation.
• Stress sharing improves morphogenetic efficiency of multicellular collectives.claim0.773
  Central interpretive claim supported by multiple findings.
• Mammalian embryos overcome drastic perturbations such as amputation, and early embryo splitting results in normal monozygotic twins.finding0.771
  Demonstrates mammalian regulative capacity and robust self-organization.
• The randomization of bioelectric state and downstream morphogen gradients is interpreted with respect to anterior-posterior organ identity by collectives, not by individual cells.claim0.770
  Argues that stochastic outcomes in regeneration are still collective decisions, not cellular chaos.
• If intercellular signaling (not genes) is the cognitive medium of morphogenesis, then bioelectric signals can be read, interpreted, and rewritten to predictively control growth and form without genetic changes.hypothesis0.766
  Predictive hypothesis validated in planarians and other species; enables therapeutic manipulation of morphogenetic targets.
• The apparent mysteries of embryological morphogenesis may be more easily understandable when we consider that evolution from time t to t+1 is governed by strengthening centers while preserving and enhancing as much structure as possible.hypothesis0.766
  Alexander's predictive hypothesis that the principle of unfolding wholeness will provide new explanatory leverage for embryology