A soft robot recovers from unexpected physical injury faster by contorting its body into a new shape (hardware change) rather than learning a compensating gait (software change).

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• Kriegman et al. 2019 Automated Shapeshifting for Function Recovery in Damaged Robotsconcept0.802
  Cited as evidence that hardware change can be faster than software change for injury recovery
• Robots capable of self-modeling can model their own body and unexpected damage using AI methods, with morphological and mental changes occurring in parallel.finding0.761
  Evidence for blurring of embodied robot / non-embodied AI distinction through self-modeling
• Bongard robot self-modeling: robot discovers its shape, then reuses information after damage.finding0.741
  Key Artificial Life experiment illustrating remapping of self-model (Bongard et al. 2006).
• Humans are not being replaced by AI or modified beings — they are maturing, because we should not identify with a fixed set of material specifications; we are an extended, flexible, adaptive work in progress.claim0.733
  Reframes fear of replacement as a failure of identity maturity
• Winner take-all architectures of decision-making are already commonplace in computational neuroscience, and the softmax function provides a smooth approximation.claim0.733
  Neural plausibility argument for softmax policy selection.
• Evolution may have generated more intensely motivating-per-second pains in response to injury than pleasures in response to positive events, because injury risks more fitness per second than positive events gainclaim0.728
  Grounds the claim that digital minds could be engineered to experience pleasures as intensely rewarding as the worst pains are disrewarding
• Evolution was using developmental bioelectricity long before neurons and muscles appeared, to solve the problem of creating and repairing complex bodies.claim0.728
  Claim about the primacy of bioelectric morphogenesis.
• Updated Robot Definition: a machine capable of physical actions with direct world impacts, able to sense repercussions, partly or completely independent of human action — not binary but a spectrum determined by degree of autonomous control.claim0.724
  The paper's proposed new definition of 'robot' as a continuum rather than binary category