In axial patterning, collective decision-making enables large numbers of cells in a compartment to agree on an organ-scale anatomical fate despite stochastic influences upstream.

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• The remarkable ability of neurons to unify toward a centralized self is an evolutionary pivot of far earlier cell communication strategies that first solved problems in navigating anatomical morphospace.hypothesis0.786
  Proposes an evolutionary trajectory linking morphogenesis to neural cognition.
• The collective often displays new behaviors or preferences that are not simply the sum of individual cell behaviors.claim0.780
  Key property of collective intelligence: emergent behaviors at the group level.
• Organismic individuality can be separated from genetics: integration and collective action occur in non-neural systems.finding0.772
  Empirical findings from developmental biology (Manicka & Levin, Lyon et al.) supporting mechanistic basis for individuality independent of genetic determination.
• The randomization of bioelectric state and downstream morphogen gradients is interpreted with respect to anterior-posterior organ identity by collectives, not by individual cells.claim0.771
  Argues that stochastic outcomes in regeneration are still collective decisions, not cellular chaos.
• Collective intelligence is not only the province of groups of animals; an important symmetry exists between the behavioral science of swarms and the competencies of cells and other biological systems at different scales.claim0.770
  Foundational claim extending collective intelligence to all biological scales.
• The formation of centers is guided by generic patterns which play the role of genes.claim0.769
  Analogy to biology, placing pattern languages as the genetic code for living built environments.
• Target morphology shifts occur despite the fact that all of the individual cells have unaltered normal genomes, showing that competent subunits can be pushed to implement diverse organism-scale goals by physiological signals.claim0.768
  Highlights the non-genetic control of large-scale anatomy.
• We hypothesise this explains why stigmergy and other forms of extracellular signalling arise in biological systems, which is known to enhance the ability for a collective system to order itself.hypothesis0.765
  Hypothesis connecting fitness pressure from topological constraints to the evolutionary origin of stigmergy