Cognition is Always Inferred from Behavior

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• Cognitive functions such as sentience are always inferred.claim0.860
  First sentence of the paper, establishing the inferential nature of all sentience attributions.
• All attributions of cognition, including sentience, are always inferred on the basis of embodied behaviours, including verbal self-report in humans.claim0.854
  Stronger version: all cognition attributions rely on observable behavior.
• all attributions of cognition (i.e., mental actions), including sentience, are always inferred on the basis of embodied behaviours, including verbal self-report in humans.quote0.842
  Critical verbatim statement highlighting the universal inference basis of sentience.
• That animal sentience is inferred on the basis of some likeness to humans is ultimately an intuition.claim0.796
  Claim that the basis for inferring animal sentience is intuitive, not empirical.
• How Can Cognition Be Attributed To And Measuredquestion0.785
• If felt states in humans and other animals are always inferred, why is the same leap from observable behaviour to inferred sentience not afforded to other organisms, including plants?question0.777
  Central question of the commentary; challenges the double standard in attributing sentience.
• Behavioural patterns associated with subjective experiences in humans are considered valid for inferring cognition in non-human animals but not in diverse other systems including plants.claim0.776
  The double standard pointed out by S&C and endorsed by the authors.
• Cognitionconcept0.774
  Mental actions including sentience; can be achieved by different biological and non-biological substrates.