Ophiocordyceps unilateralis fungus controls ant behavior without infecting ant brain

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• Ophiocordyceps unilateralis forms a fungal network invading ant muscles but not the brain.finding0.871
  From Fredericksen et al. (2017), demonstrates how a parasite can control host behavior without neural takeover.
• Ophiocordyceps unilateralis s.l. fungal parasite systemconcept0.796
• Some visual illusions that plague vertebrate nervous systems are recapitulated in collective intelligences such as ants.claim0.705
  Suggests deep commonalities between neural and swarm cognitive processing.
• Non-neural morphogenetic agents satisfy most sentience criteria via electrically active cells rather than neuronsfinding0.696
  Empirical basis for expanding sentience frameworks; shows Crump criteria adaptable beyond traditional neurocentric definitions.
• Ant colony task assignment: interactions between foragers show higher noise than nurses/cleaners; CE stabilizes overall colony cohesion.finding0.695
  Swain et al. (2022) EI-based study of ant colonies.
• Physarum slime mold demonstrates learning and decision-making in absence of neurons, including crossing noxious chemical barriers for reward and problem-solving with inert objects.finding0.686
  Empirical support for basal cognition hypothesis: cognitive capacities not limited to neural systems; cognition scales from unicellular organisms.
• Cultured neural tissue controls virtual animat behavior via learned associationsfinding0.683
  Demonstrates neural culture can learn relationships between its activity and sensory feedback without evolutionary training.
• Minimal cognition in unicellular organismsfinding0.680
  di Primio et al. (2000) empirical work supporting cognitive capabilities in single cells; evidence for biogenic cognition.