concept
active
concept:levels-of-scaleLevels of Scale
The property that living structures contain centers at a beautiful range of sizes at well-marked levels with definite jumps, where each level helps the next; jumps should not be too great (ideally 2:1 to 4:1, less than 10:1)
Neighborhood — ranked by edge-count
Papers (1)
paper
Frameworks (3)
framework
- Fifteen Properties of Living Structureassociated_withimplementsThe set of geometric properties that appear in all living structure: levels of scale, strong centers, boundaries, echoes, gradients, deep interlock and ambiguity, local symmetries, roughness, inner calm, not separateness, and others.
- The system of fifteen specific transformation types, each corresponding to one of the fifteen properties, that together constitute all structure-preserving transformations.
- Coherent entities at the scale of rooms and bays — roughly halfway between building volume and smallest elements — whose existence and beautiful pattern of arrangement is essential for profound building order; first noted by Ingrid King
Communities (2)
community
- Fifteen Propertiesassociated_withmembers_of
- Christopher Alexandermembers_of
Claims (1)
claim
- Quantitative constraint on the levels of scale property: centers are most helpful when size ratios are moderate; centers less than one-tenth the size of a larger one are less likely to help it
Methods (1)
method
- Subdivision ProcessimplementsThe iterative process of cutting a whole into parts using asymmetry and thin boundary bands to introduce levels of scale and boundaries; a purely geometric process that creates more profound living form
Concepts (11)
concept
- scalerelated_tosubtype_ofA formal context with a suggestive interpretation used in conceptual scaling.
- Levels-of-Scale Transformationassociated_withrelated_toA transformation that introduces intermediate-sized centers to fill out the hierarchy of scales, strengthening larger centers.
- Strong Centersassociated_withThe property that living structures contain centers that are not merely blobs but strong, field-like centers that organize the space around them; every strong center is made of many other strong centers recursively
- Chapter 2 of Volume 2 of The Nature of Order, introducing structure-preserving transformations as the mechanism by which living structure arises naturally through unfolding wholeness.
- Living processusesA generative process that repeatedly applies the fundamental process to create uniqueness and belonging in the environment
- Local Symmetriesassociated_withThe property that living wholes contain many interlocking and overlapping local symmetries rather than overall symmetry; local symmetries act as glue holding space together, and their number predicts cognitive coherence
- Boundariesassociated_withThe property that living centers are formed and strengthened by boundaries which both separate and unite; the boundary must be of the same order of magnitude as the center being bounded and is itself made of centers
- Gradientsassociated_withThe property that qualities vary slowly, subtly, gradually across the extent of each living thing; gradients arise as natural responses to changing circumstances and create field-like character that points toward and establishes centers
- Aperiodic GridimplementsA non-regular geometric framework that brings coherent order to built form, emerging naturally from a living process.
- Human Scalesubtype_ofThe quality of spatial dimensions that feel comfortable and nurturing to human beings.
- bifurcation theoryassociated_withA mathematical theory that might identify natural breakpoints in system development, relevant to levels of scale.
Chapters (3)
chapter
- The working unit chapter that presents Alexander's method for generating large public buildings through living process, illustrated by six major projects.
- The chapter that catalogs and analyzes the fifteen recurrent geometric properties found in systems that have life, connecting them to the deeper theory of centers and wholeness
- Always Making CentersmentionsChapter 10 of The Nature of Order, Vol 2, describing the process of creating living centers through differentiation and the fundamental process.
Related by similarity (8)
cosine ≥ 0.65 · no typed edgeEntities in the same semantic neighborhood but without a typed relation to this one — candidates for new edges or unrecognized duplicates.
- Scale representing ordered attribute values.
- Scale representing distinct attribute values without ordering.
- Clarification that levels of scale fails when detail is merely present but not doing anything—as in machine-made doors with superficially many panels that have no real life
- The range from tiny to vast superintelligent minds and the question of how welfare and cost scale relative to each other
- Interpretive process for transforming many-valued contexts into formal contexts via scale attributes.
- Scale with two attribute values that are negations of each other (e.g., pass/fail).
- Used in the color cooccurrence experiment to embed colors into 3D space preserving dissimilarity matrix distances
- Scale where each object has all but one attribute.