Under the Markov blanket assumption together with NESS, a generalised synchrony appears, such that the dynamics of internal states can be cast as performing inference over external states via minimisation of variational free energy.

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• A Markov blanket is (almost) inevitable in coupled dynamical systems with short-range interactions.claim0.819
  Argument that physical laws inevitably produce Markov blankets.
• The principal Markov blanket identified by spectral graph theory formed a clustered structure with internal subsystems enshrouded by sensory and active subsystems.finding0.804
  Visual and quantitative observation of Markov blanket emergence.
• Any ergodic random dynamical system that possesses a Markov blanket will appear to actively maintain its structural and dynamical integrity.claim0.789
  The lemma that leads to the main claim.
• Minimum entropy Markov blankets may characterize biological systems.claim0.785
  Conjecture about what distinguishes living from non-living systems.
• Life requires only a boundary (Markov blanket), ergodicity, active inference capacity, and autopoiesis—not reproduction or DNA.claim0.783
  Reframes definition of life focusing on dynamical self-organization rather than genetic reproduction.
• If systems are ergodic and possess a Markov blanket, they will show lifelike behaviour.hypothesis0.779
  The main hypothesis the paper attempts to verify heuristically and with simulations.
• By minimising variational free energy, agents perform approximate Bayesian inference.claim0.779
  Describes the epistemic function of variational free energy.
• Agents perceive by minimizing variational free energy to ensure model consistency with past observations and act by minimizing expected free energy to make future sensations consistent with preferences.claim0.778
  Formalization of perception-action cycle integrating inference and decision-making.