Minimum entropy Markov blankets may characterize biological systems.

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• Is there a unique Markov blanket for any given system, or do nested multi-scale Markov blankets all exhibit life-like behavior?question0.816
  Poses challenge to definition: if every Markov blanket induces active inference, is there lifelike behavior everywhere?
• A Markov blanket is (almost) inevitable in coupled dynamical systems with short-range interactions.claim0.811
  Argument that physical laws inevitably produce Markov blankets.
• If systems are ergodic and possess a Markov blanket, they will show lifelike behaviour.hypothesis0.806
  The main hypothesis the paper attempts to verify heuristically and with simulations.
• Any ergodic random dynamical system that possesses a Markov blanket will appear to actively maintain its structural and dynamical integrity.claim0.794
  The lemma that leads to the main claim.
• Life requires only a boundary (Markov blanket), ergodicity, active inference capacity, and autopoiesis—not reproduction or DNA.claim0.793
  Reframes definition of life focusing on dynamical self-organization rather than genetic reproduction.
• Biological systems are ergodic, possess a Markov blanket, exhibit active inference, and are autopoietic.claim0.788
  Summary of the four criteria for biological self-organization.
• Under the Markov blanket assumption together with NESS, a generalised synchrony appears, such that the dynamics of internal states can be cast as performing inference over external states via minimisation of variational free energy.claim0.785
  Key theoretical claim linking active inference to physics in Section 2.
• The principal Markov blanket identified by spectral graph theory formed a clustered structure with internal subsystems enshrouded by sensory and active subsystems.finding0.779
  Visual and quantitative observation of Markov blanket emergence.