The ability to recruit participants to complete tasks may be a central competency of collective intelligence that works across scales, from cells to swarms.

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• What makes collectives individuals is their intelligence – their degree of competency in solving novel problems.claim0.840
  Equates individuality with problem-solving ability.
• Collective intelligence is not only the province of groups of animals; an important symmetry exists between the behavioral science of swarms and the competencies of cells and other biological systems at different scales.claim0.817
  Foundational claim extending collective intelligence to all biological scales.
• How do large numbers of competent subunits work together to become intelligences that expand the scale of their possible goals?question0.813
  Central research question of basal cognition; addresses the scaling problem—how cognition emerges across organizational levels from cells to organisms.
• All intelligence is collective intelligence: each of us consists of a huge number of cells working together to generate a coherent cognitive being with goals, preferences, and memories that belong to the whole and not to its parts.claim0.810
  Core interpretive thesis of the paper.
• We explore the hypothesis that collective intelligence is not only the province of groups of animals, and that an important symmetry exists between the behavioral science of swarms and the competencies of cells and other biological systems at different scales.hypothesis0.805
  The paper's guiding hypothesis, explicitly stated in the abstract and introduction.
• For an intelligence to belong properly to a collective, it must arise not from the cleverness of its members but from having the right kind of functional relationships between them.concept0.799
• Harnessing the native capability of collective intelligence in the service of biomedicine or bioengineering will require a much better understanding of how to identify, characterise and motivate emergent agents in anatomical, physiological and transcriptional spaces.claim0.799
  Identifies a key future research direction.
• Connectionist models of cognition and learning identify conditions where collective intelligence can arise bottom-up, using only distributed learning mechanisms without system-level or global feedback.claim0.798
  Central claim about the power of connectionism.