GPT5.4-N overbid rate=0.47%

overbid rate for GPT-5.4 Nano

Source paper

extracted_from

(2026) · Robert Müller · Clemens Müller

cosine ≥ 0.65 · no typed edge

Entities in the same semantic neighborhood but without a typed relation to this one — candidates for new edges or unrecognized duplicates.

G3-F overbid rate=0.00%finding0.841
Gemini 3 Flash never overbid
G2.5-FL overbid rate=1.20%, highest among all agentsfinding0.832
highest overbid frequency observed
DS-v3.2 overbid rate=0.49%finding0.811
overbid rate for DeepSeek v3.2
GPT5.4-N wins 14.3% of mixed gamesfinding0.797
Similarly poor against code agents.
GPT-5.4 Nano self-bidding rate 74.6%finding0.773
GPT5.4-N also exhibits a high self-bidding propensity.
Gemini 2.5 Flash Lite overbid rate 1.20%finding0.773
G2.5-FL has the highest overbid frequency among all agents.
Haiku overbid rate=0.87%finding0.770
second highest overbid rate
GPT5.4-N late bid aggressiveness 2.09finding0.766
Aggressive late but inefficient.