concept
active
concept:surprise

Surprise

The negative log probability of sensory samples; minimized by free energy.

Neighborhood — ranked by edge-count

Frameworks (1)

framework
  • Free Energy Principle
    associated_with
    A foundational variational principle from statistical physics that formalizes how self-organizing systems maintain structural integrity and adapt to their environment by minimizing free energy—a mathematical bound on surprise or prediction error. Originally developed by Karl Friston, the framework unifies action, perception, and learning as processes of active inference, where systems both update internal models of the world and act upon it to reduce the divergence between predictions and observations.

Claims (2)

claim

Concepts (1)

concept
  • Negative log probability of an outcome under the generative model; minimized in active inference.

Related by similarity (8)

cosine ≥ 0.65 · no typed edge

Entities in the same semantic neighborhood but without a typed relation to this one — candidates for new edges or unrecognized duplicates.

  • Bayesian Surpriseconcept0.812
    KL divergence between prior and posterior beliefs; used in visual salience.
  • Core principle: acting to maximize value is equivalent to minimizing surprise by sampling environment to conform to expectations.
  • anticipationconcept0.785
    Reorienting in expectation of reinforcements; a cognitive quality in plants.
  • Curiosityconcept0.780
    Active sampling of novel contingencies to minimize uncertainty; formalized as novelty component of expected free energy
  • ReActframework0.779
    Prior framework for synergizing reasoning and acting in LLM agents, foundational to agent harness concept
  • Noveltyconcept0.762
    New term in expected free energy representing information gain about the likelihood mapping; drives ignorance resolution
  • Aversive stimuli are defined as surprising, linking punishment to prediction failure.
  • implicationconcept0.749
    Implication A → B holds in a formal context iff every object that has all attributes in A also has all in B.