Concrete-panel construction makes adaptation all but impossible because the builder assumes he knows what he will build down to the last detail

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• Our present forms of planning, design, construction, and production are deeply flawed because they do not include step-by-step adaptation and cannot in principle do so as they are.claim0.774
  Sweeping indictment of current production systems.
• If a building is made by a process that allows fine adaptation through feedback, it will have life; if built from fixed drawings, it will not.hypothesis0.774
  Predictive conditional summarizing the chapter's argument.
• It is theoretically impossible to build a successful building from a set of drawings specifying every detail.claim0.755
  Because feedback is needed to shape elements during construction.
• It is inherently impossible to make a successful building by mass production or prefabrication without possibility of modification.claim0.755
  Necessary minute adaptations cannot be achieved with standardized components.
• In good architecture and good city-building, step-by-step adaptation was historically always present as a necessary core.claim0.752
  Historical claim that all successful building environments used stepwise adaptation.
• In modern architecture, neither design nor construction typically works step by step; instead there is a fixed end-state produced without realistic feedback.claim0.751
  Contrast between living process and current architectural practice.
• The most sophisticated building techniques of the future will be those where each operation modifies without backtracking the product of the previous operations, generating well-adapted variety cheaply and easily without complex drawingsclaim0.743
  Alexander's predictive claim about the character of optimal future construction methods.
• If design and construction processes are living processes, each part will become itself, adapted to local conditions and individual people.claim0.743
  Core assertion that living process translates unique place and person into unique form.